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Biological Control
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License: Elsevier TDM
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https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4...
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Enhancement of Spores´ Dissemination in the Combination of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Fungus

Authors: Jiří Nermuť; Miriam Hopfgartner; Jana Konopická; Vladimír Půža;

Enhancement of Spores´ Dissemination in the Combination of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Fungus

Abstract

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes and entomopathogenic fungi are soil organisms that cause epizootics in insect pests and are therefore important agents in pest management and biocontrol. Many studies focus on the effectiveness of either entomopathogenic nematodes or fungi for controlling pests, though it has been shown that a combination of the two entomopathogens may enhance their efficacy against host insects and the nematodes can disseminate fungal spores on their cuticle. We focused on evaluating the effects of foraging behaviour ofSteinernema feltiae,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, andSteinernema carpocapsaeon the dissemination ofCordyceps fumosoroseaspores. Additionally, we investigated how the nematode’s 2nd stage cuticle as well as various adhesives impact spore transmission. Fungal dispersal via nematodes was studied through two different experimental designs: soil-filled glass tubes and soil columns. The latter experiment also used liquid alginate and sunflower seed oil as adhesives to explore ways to enhance spore dispersal. Results illustrated that entomopathogenic nematodes improve the transmission ofC. fumosoroseaspores; particularly in case of conidia. The nematodesS. feltiaeandS. carpocapsaewere found to spread spores most effectively, depending however on the experimental soil conditions. Research revealed that the nematode’s 2nd stage cuticle is an important factor for spore dispersal; without it, transmission rates drop significantly. Sunflower seed oil was determined to be the most successful adhesive medium and increased spore distribution for all tested nematode strains. These findings indicate the potential use of adhesives in pest management to enhance nematode dissemination of EPF spores. Additional research regarding adhesives, as well as the mechanisms of spore adhesion to the nematode cuticle may be of importance in the future.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
hybrid