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Asymmetric Adjustments in the Ethanol and Grains Markets

Authors: Chang, Chia-Lin; Chen, Li-Hsueh; Hammoudeh, Shawkat; McAleer, Michael;

Asymmetric Adjustments in the Ethanol and Grains Markets

Abstract

This paper examines the long- and short-run asymmetric adjustments and pairs trades for nine pairs of spot and futures prices, itemized as three own pairs for three different bio-fuel ethanol types, three own pairs for three related agricultural products, namely corn, soybeans and sugar, and three cross pairs that included hybrids of the spot price of each of the agricultural products and an ethanol futures price. Most of the spreads’ asymmetric adjustments generally occur during narrowing. The three ethanol pairs that contain the eCBOT futures with each of Chicago spot, New York Harbor spot and Western European (Rotterdam) spot show different long-run adjustments, arbitrage profitable opportunities and price risk hedging capabilities. The asymmetric spread adjustments for the three grains are also different, with corn spread showing the strongest long-run widening adjustment, and sugar showing the weakest narrowing adjustment. Among others, the empirical analysis indicates the importance of potentially hedging the spot prices of agricultural commodities with ethanol futures contracts, which sends an important message that the ethanol futures market is capable of hedging price risk in agricultural commodity markets. The short-run asymmetric adjustments for individual prices in the nine pairs, with the exception of the corn own pair, underscore the importance of futures prices in the price discovery and hedging potential, particularly for ethanol futures.

Countries
Japan, Netherlands, Spain
Keywords

330, Hedging, Arbitrage opportunities, Widening and narrowing adjustment., Asymmetric adjustments, 5302 Econometría, Econometría (Economía), Long-run and short-run asymmetric adjustments, agricultural products, arbitrage opportunities, ethanol, hedging, widening and narrowing adjustment, EUR ESE 31, hedging, Long run, Long run, short run, asymmetric adjustments, ethanol, agricultural products, arbitrage opportunities, hedging, widening and narrowing adjustment., Ethanol, Long-run and short-run asymmetric adjustments, Long-run and short-run asymmetric adjustments; ethanol; agricultural products; arbitrage opportunities; hedging; widening and narrowing adjustment, 5304.03 Comercio exterior, Q11, Q13, agricultural products, widening and narrowing adjustment, Short run, ethanol, arbitrage opportunities, Econometría, Comercio, Long-run and short-run asymmetric adjustments, ethanol, agricultural products, arbitrage opportunities, hedging, widening and narrowing adjustment., E43, jel: jel:E43, jel: jel:Q11, jel: jel:Q13

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
19
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
Green
bronze