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Исследование водородной Ñ Ñ€ÑƒÐ¿ÐºÐ¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ при сварке Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ¹

выпускная квалификационная работа магистра

Исследование водородной Ñ Ñ€ÑƒÐ¿ÐºÐ¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ при сварке Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ¹

Abstract

Данная работа посвящена оценке влияния водородного охрупчивания на свойства холодостойких бейнитных и криогенный 9% – Ni сталей. Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Изучить классификацию и свариваемость хладостойких бейнитных и криогенных 9%-Ni сталей. 2. Исследовать способы сварки хладостойких бейнитных и криогенных 9%-Ni сталей. 3. Исследовать микроструктуру шва и сварных соединений, хладостойких бейнитных и криогенных 9%-Ni сталей. 4. Изучить модели и причины возникновения водородного охрупчивания. 5. Разработать стенд для исследования водородной хрупкости сварных соединений. 6. Изучить механические свойства сварных соединений при водородном охрупчивании. На основе различных проанализированных источников литературы были рассмотрены классификации хладостойких и криогенных сталей, и их свариваемость. Рассмотрены различные способы сварки хладостойких и криогенных сталей, используемых в промышленности. Изучены микроструктуры бейнитных и криогенных сталей с содержанием 9% - Ni, их морфологическое строение, а также микроструктуры их сварных соединений, структуру метала шва и зоны термического влияния. Изучены различные модели водородного охрупчивания, приводящие к возникновению трещин, и причины, вызывающие рост содержания водорода в структуре металла. Рассмотрены имеющиеся решения по электрохимическому наводораживанию металла, на основе которых был спроектирован стенд по электрохимическому наводораживанию бейнитной хладостойкой и криогенной 9% - Ni стали. Были изучены различные эксперименты по влиянию водорода на микроструктуру и механические свойства бейнитных хладостойких и криогенных 9% - Ni сталей, результатом которых стал закономерный вывод о снижении механических свойств в результате влияния водорода, вызывающий водородную хрупкость.

This work is devoted to estimation of influence of hydrogen embrittlement on properties of cold-resistant bainite and cryogenic 9% - Ni steels. The tasks that were solved during the study: 1. To study the classification and weldability of cold-resistant bainite and cryogenic 9%-Ni steels. 2. Research of welding methods of cold-resistant bainite and cryogenic 9%-Ni steels. 3. Study the microstructure of weld and welded joints, cold-resistant bainite and cryogenic 9%-Ni steels. 4. To study the patterns and causes of hydrogen embrittlement. 5. To develop a test bench for studying hydrogen embrittlement of welded joints. 6. To study mechanical properties of welded joints at hydrogen embrittlement. Based on various analyzed literature sources, the classifications of cold-resistant and cryogenic steels and their weldability have been reviewed. Different methods of welding of cold-resistant and cryogenic steels used in industry have been considered. The microstructures of bainite and cryogenic steels with 9% - Ni content, their morphological structure, as well as the microstructures of their welded joints, the structure of the weld metal and the heat-affected zone have been studied. Different models of hydrogen embrittlement leading to cracks and the reasons causing an increase in hydrogen content in the metal structure have been studied. The available solutions for electrochemical metal embrittlement were reviewed based on which a bench for electrochemical embrittlement of bainite cold-resistant and cryogenic 9% - Ni steel was designed. Various experiments on the effect of hydrogen on the microstructure and mechanical properties of bainite cold-resistant and cryogenic 9% - Ni steels were studied, which resulted in a natural conclusion about the reduction of mechanical properties as a result of the influence of hydrogen, causing hydrogen embrittlement.

Keywords

Сталь, бейнитная сталь, криогенные стали, Сталь высокопрочная, Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¸Ðµ стали, hydrogenation, cold-resistant steels, cryogenic steels, наводораживание, bainite steel

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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