Globally micronutrient malnutrition affects approximately 2 billion people and carries adverse sequelae of premature death poor health blindness growth stunting mental retardation learning disabilities and low work capacity. In late 1980s the US Agency for International Development (USAID) funded a randomized trial of vitamin A supplementation in developing countries. In this regard the Office of Health and Nutrition of USAID has requested the Institute of Medicines Board on International Health to evaluate global micronutrient deficiency prevention programs conducted in developing countries. The project was conducted in two phases. The first phase featured a 2-day workshop evaluating approaches to the prevention of micronutrient malnutrition and identified the elements that led to the programs success. This book presents the findings of the workshop which will provide the basis of the Phase 2 study. Chapter 1 summarizes the findings and recommendations of the workshop. Chapter 2 discusses key elements in the design and implementation of micronutrient interventions. Chapters 3-5 present the three background papers on iron vitamin A and iodine. The appendix contains the workshop study.