ABSTRACT On the Missouri River, the federally endangered interior population of Least Terns (Sternula antillarum) historically nested on sandbars created by sediment deposited during high flows. The Missouri River has been dammed and regulated, however, resulting in decreased flooding and sediment deposition and thus decreased sandbar habitat. In 2011, unusually high water releases created extensive sandbar habitat on the Gavins Point Reach of the Missouri River, and from 2012 to 2014 we examined the post-flood demography of Least Terns. We monitored 382 nests, uniquely marked 672 chicks, and attempted to recapture chicks every 3–4 d until fledging (∼18 d). Daily nest survival was high (0.99 [SE 0.002]), resulting in high mean nest success (0.87 [0.03]). Nest success was highest in 2012 and declined slightly each year. Daily chick survival was 0.96 (0.01), resulting in a mean survival to fledge of 0.44 (0.08). Daily chick survival did not vary by year or by age of chicks but was negatively correlated to h...