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NeuroRegulation
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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NeuroRegulation
Article
License: CC BY
Data sources: UnpayWall
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Breathing and math performance: Implications for performance and neurotherapy

Authors: Erik Peper; Shannon Samantha Lee; Richard Harvey; I-Mei Lin;

Breathing and math performance: Implications for performance and neurotherapy

Abstract

This report of findings describes students’ self-reported difficulty and anxiety during test taking and the effect of deliberate gasping or diaphragmatic breathing on the ability to solve math problems. During the evaluation of an experiential classroom activity, 103 university students filled out a short questionnaire about performance anxiety and blanking out when taking exams. Then, they were asked to solve math problems while either gasping or slow diaphragmatic breathing. Students reported a high frequency of blanking out (mean = 5.3), difficulty during exams (mean = 6.7), and difficulty with math (mean = 6.2) on a scale from 1 (never) to 10 (always). The students reported significantly more difficulty in solving math problems when gasping than during slow breathing (p < .01) and significantly more anxiety during gasping (p < .01) than during slow breathing (p < .01) when solving math problems. Most students were completely surprised how their breathing patterns affected their ability to perform a simple math test. Numerous students have reported that when they implemented this slow breathing approach at the moment they felt anxiety, their anxiety slightly decreased and they would perform better on exams. Included are comments to improve study habits, memory consolidation, and how to incorporate somatic feedback of breathing patterns into learning and training within other settings such as during neurotherapy.

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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Average
Average
Average
gold