A new species of oribatid mites of Monoschelobates (Oribatida: Scheloribatidae) is described from upper soil and leaf litter in the primary evergreen lowland rainforest of Amazonian Peru. Monoschelobates masani Ermilov sp. n. differs from all species of the genus by the presence of rostrum triangular and protruding (vs. rostrum rounded) and well-developed of exobothridial setae (vs. minute), and the absence of translamellar line (vs. lateral parts of line present). New generic diagnosis and an identification key to the known species of Monoschelobates are provided. Monoschelobates is recorded in the Peruvian fauna for the first time.