The current growing migration wave in Europe has been a challenge not only for politicians and economists, but also for the Church in Poland, which, so far, has not struggled in this area. Her past experience was mainly related to the pastoral care of Poles living in exile in many countries of the world. The article deals with pastoral problems related to the intensity of migration movements. It also shows, on the basis of sociological research, changes in the attitudes of Poles towards migrants and refugees, and then introduces the main ideas of the Church’s teaching on the phenomenon of migration. In the fi nal part, the article tries to formulate proposals that could used as an impulse for the Polish pastoral ministry.