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Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne
Article . 2019
Data sources: DOAJ
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Z przemian społeczno-prawnych na ziemiach pruskich. Problem tzw. oraczy (XV-XVIII wiek)

Authors: Grzegorz Białuński;

Z przemian społeczno-prawnych na ziemiach pruskich. Problem tzw. oraczy (XV-XVIII wiek)

Abstract

Oracze (Pflüger) to specyficzna grupa społeczna, która funkcjonowała od drugiej połowy XV w. tylko w okręgu ełckim w państwie zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach. Oracze byli małymi wolnymi (Freie), którzy zamiast obowiązku służby zbrojnej mieli obowiązek wystawiania służby oraczowskiej (konia ze sprzężajem). Początkowo ich pozycja społeczna (i ekonomiczna) była zbliżona do wolnych, choć w świadomości ówczesnych mieszkańców była ona nieco niższa. Swoje majątki posiadali oracze bez przywilejów lokacyjnych, ale kierowano się wobec nich prawem magdeburskim prostym. Pod koniec XVII w. w związku ze wzrastającymi obciążeniami (czynszami, daninami i robociznami) oracze zaczęli być zrównywani z chłopami szarwarkowymi i ostatecznie w XVIII w. zaliczono ich do jednej warstwy chłopów królewskich (kӧniglichen Bauern).

Keywords

History of Law, D, KJ2-1040, History (General) and history of Europe

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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