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Comparing Long-Term Effects of Two Herbicide Treatments for Controlling English Holly (Ilex aquifolium) in Pacific Spirit Regional Park

Authors: English, Paul; Liu, Yin; Ng, Janet; Treasure, Syd;

Comparing Long-Term Effects of Two Herbicide Treatments for Controlling English Holly (Ilex aquifolium) in Pacific Spirit Regional Park

Abstract

English holly (Ilex aquifolium), a commonly found ornamental evergreen, was first introduced to the Pacific Northwest in the 18th century. Characterized by its quick growth rate, it threatens native biodiversity and forest structure. Previous studies explored treatments for English holly removal, suggesting herbicide application by the Paint method as most effective in the short term. This current study assessed the long-term efficacy of the EZ-Ject and Paint methods in the Pacific Spirit Regional Park (PSRP) seven years post-treatment. Our results revealed no significant differences between the two treatments but an observable ability of the EZ-Ject method to achieve better herbicide efficacy over time and effectively suppress the regrowth of English holly sprouts, whereas the Paint method has rapid effectiveness. More intense use of EZ-Ject and further post-treatment monitoring are recommended to inhibit English holly regrowth effectively.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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