This thesis reviews Australian proctotrupoid wasps of the subfamily Scelioninae, but excludes those in the tribes Idrini and Baeini which formerly constituted the subfamily Baeinae.The taxonomic importance of adult characters, the phylogeny, zoogeography and suprageneric classification of the subfamily are discussed.The study recognizes 241 species in 47 genera and has resulted in 91 new combinations and 15 new species, 11 of which have been formally described viz. Macroteleia arcticosa, M. donaldsoni, Anteromorpha depressa, Paridris parvoculatus, Cerasos reticulata, C. liosomas, Yunkara inornata, Bundarius cantrelli, Duta reticulata, D. concinna, Duarina monteithorum. Full bibliographic details are provided for all genera and species and an illustrated key to Australian genera is presented. Fifteen genera have been completely revised. Eight new genera are described, viz. Macroteleia Westwood, Anteromorpha Dodd, Paridris Kieffer, Cerasos gen.n., New genus A, New genus B, Jarabambius gen.n., Yunkara gen.n., Bundarius gen.n., Duta Nixon, New genus C, Duarina Dodd, Lidgbirdius gen.n., Neoscelio Dodd, Platyscelio Kieffer. Fusicornia Risbec is recorded from Australia for the first time. The survey of genera has confirmed that the following can no longer be considered to occur in Australia - Anteris Foerster, Chromoteleia Ashmead, Leptoteleia Kieffer, Oxyteleia Keiffer, and, Sparasion Latreille. Platyteleia Dodd and Austroscelio Dodd are considered to be synonyms of Gryon Haliday. A new tribe, Neoscelionini, is erected. Two genera viz. Sceliacantha Dodd and Sceliacanthella and 17 species are placed in "Incertae Sedis". This study has resulted in the following publications to date.GALLOWAY, I.D. (1976) The Types of Australian Species of the Subfamily Scelioninae (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae). Qd J. agric. Anim. Sci. 33 : 83-114GALLOWAY, I.D. (1978) A Revision of the Australian Genus Duarina Dodd (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae : Scelioninae). J. Aust. ent. Soc. 17 : 229-233 DOI:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1978.tb00148.xGALLOWAY, I.D. (1978) A Revision of the Australian Species of Macroteleia Westwood (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae : Scelioninae). J. Aust. ent. Soc. 17 : 297-310 DOI:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1978.tb01494.x