
doi: 10.1400/79785
handle: 2434/44324 , 11579/26536
Si presenta la vicenda del Formalismo russo sulla base di documenti e testi in lingua russa inediti in Italia cercando di riavviare la riflessione sul significato storico e sui contributi teorici e metodologici di questo movimento. Rispetto al profilo monolitico tracciato alle volte in passato dagli studi occidentali (soprattutto di impostazione strutturalista), si sottolineano le specificità dei tanti volti del formalismo, in primo luogo le divaricazioni fra Pietrogrado-Leningrado (Opojaz) e Mosca (Mlk). Particolare attenzione viene qui rivolta al contesto originale in cui la scuola formale ha sviluppato la sua posizione critica. Ne emerge un ritratto pieno di conflitti e differenti prospettive. In tal modo il suo apparato metodologico svela un complesso e problematico organismo teorico al quale dobbiamo le basi della teoria della letteratura. / We present the history of Russian formalism relying on texts and sources previously unpublished in Italy, with the aim to resume the discussion about the historical significance and the theoretical and methodological contribution of Formal school. In contrast to the monolithic profile of the movement, which has been often presented in western studies of the last decades (expecially by structuralists), we underline its many faces, paying attention, in the first place, to its historical vicissitudes, starting from the different experiences of the St. Petersburg (Opoyaz) and Moscow centres (Mlk). Focusing on the original context in which formalism developed its critical stances, we see emerge a lively portrait of it, full of conflicts, reversals and evolving perspectives. Its theoretical and methodological apparatus thus reveals the complex and problematic theoretical organism to which we owe the foundation of the theory of literature. / Предоставляем историю русского формализма на основе источников и текстов неопубликованных в Италии, с целью заново открыть дискуссию об историческом значении и о теоретическом и методологическом вкладе формальной школы. В противоположность монолитному облику, который иногда придавали движению но западные исследования (преимущественно структуралистические), мы подчеркнуем многолик формализма и его исторические перипетии, начиная с различных опытов в центрах Петербурга (Опояз) и Москвы (Млк). Акцентированное внимание на оригинальный контекст, в котором формализм развивал свои критические позиции, помогает проследить живой портрет его, полный конфликтов, поворот и новых перспектив. Его методологической аппарат таким образом раскрывает сложный и проблемный теоретический организм, к которым мы обязаны основы теории литературы.
Russian Formalism, МЛК, 791, formalismo russo; teoria della letteratura; scienza della letteratura, Русский формализм, Mlk, Opoyaz, Teoria della letteratura, Опояз, Formalismo russo, Formalismo russo; Opojaz; Mlk; Teoria della letteratura; Russian Formalism; Opoyaz; Theory of literature; Русский формализм; Опояз; МЛК, Opojaz, Theory of literature
Russian Formalism, МЛК, 791, formalismo russo; teoria della letteratura; scienza della letteratura, Русский формализм, Mlk, Opoyaz, Teoria della letteratura, Опояз, Formalismo russo, Formalismo russo; Opojaz; Mlk; Teoria della letteratura; Russian Formalism; Opoyaz; Theory of literature; Русский формализм; Опояз; МЛК, Opojaz, Theory of literature
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