Alexander Hamilton was the first American statesman to understand that a National Bank and an unified Public Debt were correct instruments able to lead the political economy of a modern and developed country. As Secretary of the Treasury of The United States, Hamilton clearly worked out the original idea that only a prolific industrial production such as advanced manufacturing determined the power of a nation. According to his intention, to strengthen the young American federation, it was necessary to create an efficient industrial and financial system, and to increase the collective wealth. The strong central government, at the same time, would oppose the centrifugal tendencies of Jefferson’s agricultural model based on constitutional rights of American Republics.