Summary Hot pepper is an important vegetable crop of tropics and subtropics regions of the world. The pungency, red color, and oleoresin contents important characters in the crop. There are different types of hot pepper available in the market depending upon the market needs and consumer preference. The genic and cytoplasmic male sterility is available in the crop. Genetic resistance to several diseases and insects pest is also available. Hybrid seed production requires lot of care and intensive supervision. The pollination control mechanisms available are helpful in making the commercial hybrid seed production profitable.