This article, based on a paper given at the International Network for Studies Concerning Older Adults conference, Brazil, charts the emergence of notions of successful ageing, health-related quality of life and person-centred care which currently figure prominently in debates about health and social care. It argues that these developments reflect the importance given to autonomy and independence, values which potentially disadvantage the oldest and frailest members of society. It is suggested that there is a need for a more inclusive conceptualization of person-centred care which recognizes the values of interdependence and reciprocity.