The study presents a holistic philosophical and cultural interpretation of the popular religiosity of the peasantry as the subculture of the modern Russian society. The current state of religiosity in the rural society in the Central black earth region is described according to the results of a number of field expeditions. The book can be recommended to teachers, students studying such subjects as "Foundations and values of Orthodoxy", "Orthodox pedagogy", "Culturology", and all readers interested in the problems of spiritual culture.