The main advantage of plantation grown hardwoods compared to conifers, is their higher productiv-ity. In temperate climates of Europe, including Russia, of all the woody plants, the most productive poplar and willow. While the poplar is characterized by a selectivity for soil-hydrological conditions, under wil-low plantations can be used is unsuitable for growing in moist land. Willow plantations can be used to ob-tain the products (material for production of woven products, raw materials for production of tanning extracts, medicinal substances) that are not produced on plantations of poplar.