The textbook is devoted to one of the sections of pedagogy - the theory of learning. The leading issues are the content of education; forms, methods, means of teaching; forms of organization of training. The main attention is paid to the educational system of Russia and modern trends in the development of education. The study of the theory of learning is important not only for the future teacher to master the system of knowledge, but also for the formation of students' didactic competencies. To do this, in addition to theoretical material, the textbook contains a significant amount of practical tasks, material for consolidating what has been studied, test questions and tasks. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For undergraduate students studying in psychological and pedagogical specialties, as well as for undergraduates of pedagogical specialties who do not have a basic pedagogical education.