The generally accepted definition for a microprocessor is a device that comprises a central processing unit with a large instruction set with the primary function of performing, processing, or computing functions at the highest achievable speed. The microprocessor could include a math co-processing unit but all other functions needed to operate are external to the device. Advances in complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology continue to push commercial microprocessor operating speeds ever faster. Microprocessors and microcontrollers used in extreme environments are built and tested as per established standards to ensure reliable operation over conditions such as temperature, humidity, and mechanical vibration or shock. The critical role of microprocessors and microcontrollers also drives system-level design. The RAD750 processor application specific integrated circuit continues BAE Systems’ strategy of offering complete spaceflight-qualified single-board computer solutions. Aeroflex has embarked on a roadmap to develop a family of processors based on the SPARC™ V8 architecture.