Anterior open bite malocclusion is reviewed under the headings of aetiology, morphology and treatment. The aetiology is discussed within the classification originally described by Dockrell in 1952. The morphological differences between skeletal and dental open bite together with the extra oral, intra oral, and cephalometric characteristics are described. Recognition is given to the recent developments in maxillo facial surgery and the importance of a combined surgical and orthodontic approach to the treatment of skeletal open bite. The merits of the palatal crib either on a fixed or removable appliance to break a thumb sucking habit are discussed in relation to the dental open bite. The relationship of post treatment stability to the adequate removal or modification of the aetiological factor is stressed.