
doi: 10.1137/0511073
Let D be an equilateral triangle of side 1. We consider solutions of $\Delta u + \lambda u = 0$ in D with either the boundary condition $u = 0$ or ${{\partial u} / {\partial n }} = 0$. Let $n(\lambda )$ be the number of distinct eigenvalues $ \leqq \lambda $, $N(\lambda )$ be the total number of eigenvalues $ \leqq \lambda $, including multiplicities. Theorem 1 states that for either boundary condition, $\lambda _{mn} = ({{16\pi ^2 } / {27}})(m^2 + n^2 - mn)$, where $m + n \equiv 0(\bmod 3)$. In the first case it is further required that $m \ne 2n$. Theorem 2 states that $\lim _{\lambda \to \infty } ({{N(\lambda )} / {n(\lambda )}}) = \infty $. The proof uses the representation of $\lambda _{mn} $ as the norm of an integer in the quadratic number field $k(\omega )$, where $\omega $ is a primitive cube root of unity. These results contrast with the generic results for domains with $Z_3$ symmetry obtained by V. Arnold (Functional Anal. Appl., 1972).
number of eigenvalues, Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation, number of distinct eigenvalues, Asymptotic distributions of eigenvalues in context of PDEs, General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs, Laplacian, average multiplicity
number of eigenvalues, Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation, number of distinct eigenvalues, Asymptotic distributions of eigenvalues in context of PDEs, General topics in linear spectral theory for PDEs, Laplacian, average multiplicity
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