IN August, I wrote to give an update on the surveillance Defra was funding to find out where Schmallenberg virus (SBV) had spread to in England and Wales over the summer of 2012 ( VR , August 4, 2012, vol 171, p130). The results from this have been updated in the SBV pages on the AHVLA website (www.defra.gov.uk/ahvla/2012/12/14/schmallenberg-virus-updated-testing-results-figures). Defra was aware from its funded testing, and also from studies by the Pirbright Institute that SBV had overwintered in England. Through raising awareness for acute disease in adult dairy cattle, continued vigilance for the birth of malformed offspring, and serological testing by the AHVLA of sheep samples in counties where SBV had not previously been detected, along with privately tested samples, we have now detected evidence of SBV across all rural counties in England. From these results, …