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Teaching acoustic cues of nasal resonance

Authors: Cathy Andrews;

Teaching acoustic cues of nasal resonance

Abstract

Acoustic coupling between the oral and nasal cavities results in the addition of pole-zero pairs to the vocal-tract transfer function, which interacts with variations in vocal-tract shaping across different vowels and speakers. Presentation of the myraid of acoustic features associated with nasalization based on vocal-tract models can confuse students with little mathematical background. One successful approach allows students to discover a few established cues via waveform and spectrographic analysis. Broadband spectrograms of students’ productions of ‘‘bead–bean’’ clearly illustrate a nasal murmur (200–300 Hz) and the attenuation of formant frequencies is the nasalized vowel compared to the oral vowel. Another broadband spectrogram is made of the tape-recorded speech of a female speaker of Texan English, exhibiting extreme attenuation in the F1 region. The decreased intensity of the nasalized vowel in ‘‘bean’’ (compared to the oral vowel in ‘‘bead’’) is seen as rounded waveform cycles with lower amplitude using waveform-editing software. Changes in vowel quality due to nasalization can be heard as the students proceed screen-by-screen through the waveform.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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