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Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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Recommendations on diagnostic tools for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans

Authors: Thomas, V.; Blooi, M.; Van Rooij, P.; Van Praet, S.; Verbrugghe, E.; Grasselli, E.; Lukac, M.; +3 Authors

Recommendations on diagnostic tools for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans

Abstract

Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) poses a major threat to amphibian, and more specifically caudata, diversity. Bsal is currently spreading through Europe, and mitigation measures aimed at stopping its spread and preventing its introduction into naïve environments are urgently needed. Screening for presence of Bsal and diagnosis of Bsal-induced disease in amphibians are essential core components of effective mitigation plans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present an overview of all Bsal diagnostic tools together with their limitations and to suggest guidelines to allow uniform interpretation. Here, we investigate the use of different diagnostic tools in post-mortem detection of Bsal and whether competition between Bd and Bsal occurs in the species-specific Bd and Bsal duplex real-time PCR. We also investigate the diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity and reproducibility of the Bsal real-time PCR and show the use of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of Bsal-induced chytridiomycosis in amphibian samples stored in formaldehyde. Additionally, we have drawn up guidelines for the use and interpretation of the different diagnostic tools for Bsal currently available, to facilitate standardization of execution and interpretation.

Countries
Croatia, Italy
Keywords

Caudata, amphibians, diagnosis, Reproducibility of Results, Guidelines as Topic, emerging infectious disease, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, chytrid fungi, amphibians ; Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans ; chytrid fungi ; diagnosis ; emerging infectious disease ; real-time PCR, Immunohistochemistry, Europe, Chytridiomycota, Mycoses, Species Specificity, Amphibians, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, Chytrid fungi, Diagnosis, Emerging infectious disease, Real-time PCR, Immunology and Microbiology (all), Veterinary (all), Animals, Rabbits, real-time PCR, DNA, Fungal, Antibodies, Fungal

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    influence
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
34
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green