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6‐Formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ) is a Very Minor Photoproduct of Tryptophan at Biologically Relevant Doses of UVB and Simulated Sunlight

Authors: Youssef, Antonia; von Koschembahr, Anne; Caillat, Sylvain; Corre, Sébastien; Galibert, Marie-Dominique; Douki, Thierry;

6‐Formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ) is a Very Minor Photoproduct of Tryptophan at Biologically Relevant Doses of UVB and Simulated Sunlight

Abstract

AbstractExposure to solar UV is at the origin of numerous photodegradation pathways in biomolecules. Tryptophan is readily modified by UVB radiation into ring‐opened and oxidized photoproducts. One of them, 6‐formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ), has been extensively studied in the recent years because it very efficiently binds to AhR, a major factor in numerous biologic processes, such as metabolism of xenobiotics. Unfortunately, little information is available on the actual yield of FICZ upon exposure to low and biologically relevant doses of UV radiation. In the present work, we used a sensitive and specific HPLC‐tandem mass spectrometry assay to quantify a series of photoproducts induced by UVB and simulated sunlight (SSL) in solutions of tryptophan. FICZ represented only a minute amount of the photoproducts (0.02 and 0.03%, respectively). Experiments were repeated in culture medium where the yield of FICZ was also found to be very low, even when Trp was added. Last, no FICZ could be detected in cytosolic fractions of cultured cells exposed to SSL. Altogether, the present results show that FICZ is a very minor photoproduct and that it cannot be considered the only endogenous photoproduct responsible for the induction of AhR‐dependent responses in UV‐irradiated cells.

Country
France
Keywords

Photolysis, Ultraviolet Rays, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Carbazoles, Tryptophan, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, 540, 530, Culture Media, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Tandem Mass Spectrometry, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, Sunlight, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Humans, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

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    The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
    15
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
15
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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bronze