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Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Article . 2024
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Bacteriophage therapy and infective endocarditis – is it realistic?

Authors: Emilie C. Pedersen; Christian Johann Lerche; Franziska Angelica Schwartz; Oana Ciofu; Joana Azeredo; Kim Thomsen; Claus Moser;

Bacteriophage therapy and infective endocarditis – is it realistic?

Abstract

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe infection of the inner heart. Even with current standard treatment, the mean in‐hospital mortality is as high as 15–20%, and 1‐year mortality is up to 40% for left‐sided IE. Importantly, IE mortality rates have not changed substantially over the past 30 years, and the incidence of IE is rising. The treatment is challenging due to the bacterial biofilm mode of growth inside the heart valve vegetations, resulting in antibiotic tolerance. Achieving sufficient antibiotic anti‐biofilm concentrations in the biofilms of the heart valve vegetations is problematic, even with high‐dose and long‐term antibiotic therapy. The increasing prevalence of IE caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria adds to the challenge. Therefore, adjunctive antibiotic‐potentiating drug candidates and strategies are increasingly being investigated. Bacteriophage therapy is a reemerging antibacterial treatment strategy for difficult‐to‐treat infections, mainly biofilm‐associated and caused by multidrug‐resistant bacteria. However, significant knowledge gaps regarding the safety and efficacy of phage therapy impede more widespread implementation in clinical practice. Hopefully, future preclinical and clinical testing will reveal whether it is a viable treatment. The objective of the present review is to assess whether bacteriophage therapy is a realistic treatment for IE.

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Denmark, Portugal
Keywords

Phage therapy, treatment, Endocarditis, infective endocarditis, Endocarditis, Bacterial, biofilm, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Treatment, Biofilms, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Humans, Bacteriophages, Phage Therapy, Infective endocarditis

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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