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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Proceedings of the I...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Proceedings of the IEEE
Article . 1976 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
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Adaptive methods for motion-noise compensation in extremely low frequency submarine receiving antennas

Authors: R.J. Dinger; J.R. Davis;

Adaptive methods for motion-noise compensation in extremely low frequency submarine receiving antennas

Abstract

Motion-induced noise can be an overwhelming source of inteference in vector magnetic field sensors designed for submarine communications in the 30-130-Hz portion of the extremely low frequency (ELF) band. In the case of an ELF antenna constructed using three orthogonal superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID's) as receiving elements, the removal of motion noise is complicated by the inability of SQUID sensors to determine the absolute value of the earth's field component along the axis of the sensor. An equation is derived that expresses the projection of the ELF signal vector on the earth's field in terms of the SQUID outputs, and an adaptive vector that is approximately equal to the earth's field vector. Two adaptive schemes using the methods of process parameter estimation are described which determine the adaptive vector. The Least Squares method requires no initial estimate of the adaptive vector but is an open-loop method which tends to be slow. The second adaptive scheme, the steepest descent method, is a close-loop technique that has the potential of being rapid, but requires an initial value of the adaptive vector that is close to the true value. Both techniques remove, to first order, sources of noise arising from sensor nonorthogonality, sensitivity differences and dc offset errors. From a computer simulation of both techniques, it is found that the optimum system is a combination of the two methods, using the Least Squares method for estimation of the coarse value of the adaptive vector, and using the Steepest Descent method for fine adjustment.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Top 10%
Average
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