Smartphone Connectivity Apple (Cupertino, California) and Google's Android (Mountain View, California) together sell 95% of the smartphones in the United States, but, for years, they have been largely locked out of the automobile industry. Now, nearly every major automaker is preparing to share a ride with these smartphones [1]. As shown in Figure 1, Apple's CarPlay smartphone and its Google counterpart, Android Auto, are bringing their familiar smartphone screens and functionality, complete with all the intelligence and voice control technology, right to the car's dashboard [2], [3].