Engineering education in Egypt is a mirror of the country's history, a result of the confluence of foreign influences (French, British, Swiss, German, Soviet, American) and national desires for sovereignty, development, and Pan-Arabism. American political and economic influence in the most recent period can be seen in the current dominance of the Anglo-Saxon model in engineering education, particularly in such disciplines as electronics, telecommunications, computer engineering, petroleum engineering, biomedical engineering, and aeronautical engineering