The number of Internet users in China was more than 590 million at the end of June 2013. Among these users, 460 million accessed the Web through mobile devices such as cellphones and tablets. Many Chinese are now using cellphones to perform a wide range of transactions, such as transferring money, paying bills, booking hotels, buying tickets, and shopping in online stores such as Taobao, Paipai, Dangdang, and Yoybuy. An investigation of the development of mobile banking and mobile payments in China, as well as opportunities and barriers, is therefore important. This article is part of a special issue on mobile commerce.