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IEEE Sensors Journal
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Optimized Interference Suppression for TCSPC LiDAR

Authors: Sara Grollius; Simon Grosse; Manuel Ligges; Anton Grabmaier;

Optimized Interference Suppression for TCSPC LiDAR

Abstract

The increased use of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems for distance determination requires the investigation of mutual interference. In this paper, we describe the conditions for occurrence of LiDAR interference. We outline suppression methods for different LiDAR types identifying pulse-position modulation (PPM) as solution for time-of-flight LiDAR with time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) histograms. Based on PPM, we present a suppression method, which randomly varies the laser pulse emission times. For optimal suppression, we switch on the suppression only when interference is present. To recognize the occurrence of LiDAR interference, we develop a multi-pulse detection algorithm that can also extract all pulse positions. Simulations show that the algorithm can be applied for a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 3. Determining the heights of all recognized pulse signatures, an appropriate suppression level can be chosen. We successfully show the optimized interference suppression for an example LiDAR measurement. For a safe use by multiple systems, we suggest random numbers. We reuse the TCSPC histograms to generate random numbers, whose generation probability is calculated theoretically and confirmed by simulation and measurement data. For nearly all histogram distributions consisting of background-and laser-generated data, a sufficient amount of random numbers is produced.

Keywords

mutual LiDAR interference, TCSPC, time-of-flight (TOF), pulse-position modulation (PPM), random number generation, Elektrotechnik

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Average
Average
Average
hybrid