The electrical systems of the body play a direct and vital role in the function of most organ systems, either through direct signaling or as mediators of mechanical activity. The heart and brain are two obvious examples of the importance of electrical generators in maintaining life and consciousness. The study of the role of bioelectricity is being appreciated more thoroughly in other physiological disciplines. Because of the central role of bioelectric phenomena, there have been concentrated efforts over the years to develop ways to measure the effects of electrical generators either directly or through a volume conductor. This paper will discuss some of the recent advances in making electrical measurements in order to better understand physiological and pathological mechanisms.