Uplink power control (ULPC) plays an important role in LTE system. In this paper, a new ULPC approach based on Biogeography-based Optimization (BBO) is proposed. Only with broadcast parameters such as a and P 0 , through the BBO Optimization, the cells will be divided into many layers automatically, different compensation offset values allocated at the same time. With the constraint operator of BBO, the throughput of cell-edge UEs can be controlled. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the average throughput and keep a reasonable throughput of UEs at the cell-edge. Besides, this algorithm is efficient without producing additional processing load at eNodeBs, which is practical in real network deployment.