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https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
License: APS Licenses for Journal Article Re-use
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Forbidden nuclear reactions

Authors: Péter Kálmán; Tamás Keszthelyi;
Abstract

Exothermal nuclear reactions which become forbidden due to Coulomb repulsion in the\ $\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$ limit ($\lim_{\varepsilon \rightarrow 0}\sigma \left( \varepsilon \right) =0$) are investigated. ($\sigma \left( \varepsilon \right) $ is the cross section and $\varepsilon $ is the center of mass energy.) It is found that any perturbation may mix states with small but finite amplitude to the initial state resulting finite cross section (and rate) of the originally forbidden nuclear reaction in the $% \varepsilon \rightarrow 0$ limit. The statement is illustrated by modification of nuclear reactions due to impurities in a gas mix of atomic state. The change of the wavefunction of reacting particles in nuclear range due to their Coulomb interaction with impurity is determined using standard time independent perturbation calculation of quantum mechanics. As an example, cross section, rate and power densities of impurity assisted nuclear $pd$ reaction are numerically calculated. With the aid of astrophysical factors cross section and power densities of the impurity assisted $d(d,n)_{2}^{3}He$, $d(d,p)t$, $d(t,n)_{2}^{4}He$, $% _{2}^{3}He(d,p)_{2}^{4}He$, $_{3}^{6}Li(p,\alpha )_{2}^{3}He$, $% _{3}^{6}Li(d,\alpha )_{2}^{4}He$, $_{3}^{7}Li(p,\alpha )_{2}^{4}He$, $% _{4}^{9}Be(p,\alpha )_{3}^{6}Li$, $_{4}^{9}Be(p,d)_{4}^{8}Be$, $% _{4}^{9}Be(\alpha ,n)_{6}^{12}C$, $_{5}^{10}B(p,\alpha )_{4}^{7}Be$ and $% _{5}^{11}B(p,\alpha )_{4}^{8}Be$ reactions are also given. The affect of gas mix-wall interaction on the process is considered too.

Keywords

Physics - General Physics, Nuclear Theory

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green