We summarize briefly the main features of a kinematic model of evolution of the Aegean area since 13 Ma. The formation of the Aegean Sea by extensional tectonics is related to the subduction of the Mediterranean floor below the Hellenic arc. We then make a quantitative estimate of vertical movements in the Aegean area, on the basis of geological data, and demonstrate that the outer arc was built since the beginning of this episode of subduction by vertical uplift. The easiest way to explain the uplift is by underplating. Finally, we discuss briefly the dynamics of the subduction - marginal sea formation processes in this continental collision framework.