Youth development emerged in part as a reaction against approaches to working with youth that identify specific youth as being in need or at risk and try to meet the need or reduce the risk. One of the central insights underlying youth development is that different youth problems have spawned separate systems of theory, research, funding, and programs, yet often different problems result from the same conditions and respond to the same treatments. Moreover, some of the same youth have multiple problems (Dryfoos, 1990). A pregnant teenager who drops out of school should not be divided between a program for dropouts and another for pregnant teens. This insight has led some youth development advocates and practitioners to portray prevention programs as an inferior alternative.