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</script>handle: 21.11116/0000-0005-CB2A-8
State-of-the-art integral field surveys like $\mathrm{ATLAS^{3D}}$, SLUGGS, CALIFA, SAMI, and MaNGA provide large data sets of kinematical observations of early-type galaxies (ETGs), yielding constraints on the formation of ETGs. Using the cosmological hydrodynamical \textit{Magneticum Pathfinder} simulations, we investigate the paradigm of fast and slow rotating ETGs in a fully cosmological context. We show that the ETGs within the \textit{Magneticum} simulation are in remarkable agreement with the observations, revealing fast and slow rotators quantified by the angular momentum proxy $��_{\mathrm{R}}$ and the flattening $��$ with the observed prevalence. Taking full advantage of the three-dimensional data, we demonstrate that the dichotomy between fast and slow rotating galaxies gets enhanced, showing an upper and lower population separated by an underpopulated region in the edge-on $��_{\mathrm{R}}$-$��$ plane. Following the evolution of the $��_{\mathrm{R}}$-$��$ plane through cosmic time, we find that, while the upper population is already in place at $z=2$, the lower population gets statistically significant below $z=1$ with a gradual increase. At least $50\%$ of the galaxies transition from fast to slow rotators on a short timescale, in most cases associated to a significant merger event. Furthermore, we connect the $M_{*}$-$j_{*}$ plane, quantified by the $b$-value, with the $��_{\mathrm{R}}$-$��$ plane, revealing a strong correlation between the position of a galaxy in the $��_{\mathrm{R}}$-$��$ plane and the $b$-value. Going one step further, we classify our sample based on features in their velocity map, finding all five common kinematic groups, also including the recently observed group of prolate rotators, populating distinct regions in the $��_{\mathrm{R}}$-$b$ plane.
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: formation, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: evolution, [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, galaxies: kinematics and dynamics, dark matter, methods: numerical
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: formation, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: evolution, [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, galaxies: kinematics and dynamics, dark matter, methods: numerical
| citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 75 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 1% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 1% |
