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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2014
License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
Data sources: Datacite
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Initial mass function of intermediate-mass black hole seeds

Authors: Ferrara, A.; SALVADORI, STEFANIA; Yue, B.; Schleicher, D.;

Initial mass function of intermediate-mass black hole seeds

Abstract

We study the Initial Mass Function (IMF) and host halo properties of Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBH, 10^{4-6} Msun) formed inside metal-free, UV illuminated atomic cooling haloes (virial temperature T_vir > 10^4 K) either via the direct collapse of the gas or via an intermediate Super Massive Star (SMS) stage. We achieve this goal in three steps: (a) we derive the gas accretion rate for a proto-SMS to undergo General Relativity instability and produce a direct collapse black hole (DCBH) or to enter the ZAMS and later collapse into a IMBH; (b) we use merger-tree simulations to select atomic cooling halos in which either a DCBH or SMS can form and grow, accounting for metal enrichment and major mergers that halt the growth of the proto-SMS by gas fragmentation. We derive the properties of the host halos and the mass distribution of black holes at this stage, and dub it the "Birth Mass Function"; (c) we follow the further growth of the DCBH due to accretion of leftover gas in the parent halo and compute the final IMBH mass.We consider two extreme cases in which minihalos (T_vir < 10^4 K) can (fertile) or cannot (sterile) form stars and pollute their gas leading to a different IMBH IMF. In the (fiducial) fertile case the IMF is bimodal extending over a broad range of masses, M= (0.5-20)x10^5 Msun, and the DCBH accretion phase lasts from 10 to 100 Myr. If minihalos are sterile, the IMF spans the narrower mass range M= (1-2.8)x10^6 Msun, and the DCBH accretion phase is more extended (70-120 Myr). We conclude that a good seeding prescription is to populate halos (a) of mass 7.5 < log (M_h/Msun) < 8, (b) in the redshift range 8 < z < 17, (c) with IMBH in the mass range 4.75 < log (M_BH/Msun) < 6.25.

MNRAS, in press. Comments welcome

Countries
Italy, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Italy
Keywords

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), quasars: supermassive black holes, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: high-redshift; quasars: supermassive black holes; Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxies: high-redshift; Quasars: supermassive black holes; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: high-redshift, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
141
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
gold