Studies compared and characterized host plant resistance to Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (bird cherry-oat aphid) among promising accessions of hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Resistance was assessed for 7 wheat accessions. R. padi populations did not increase uniformly over time or by accession. After 7 d, accessions did not differ in numbers of R. padi, but by 11 d, MV4 had fewer R. padi per plant than other accessions except MV8 and Jubilejnaja 50. At 14 d, MV4 had fewer R. padi than other accessions except MV8; Jubilejnaja 50 had fewer aphids per plant than remaining accessions, but more than MV4 or MV8. R. padi nymphs developed more slowly on MV4 than other accessions, but plant accession did not affect the number of progeny that R. padi produced. The intrinsic rate of increase of R. padi was less on MV4 than on Ommid. R. padi produced a higher proportion of alatae on accession MV4, whereas they produced a lower percentage of alates on the accession Vista. In choice tests, distribution of alatae or apterae did not differ among wheat accessions. Low levels of antibiosis in MV4 may limit infestations of R. padi on wheat, and this may indirectly slow the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus and reduce the need for aphicide applications in wheat fields.