In this expository article, we discuss the recent progress in the study of endomorphisms and automorphisms of the Cuntz algebras and, more generally graph C* -algebras (or Cuntz-Krieger algebras). In particular, we discuss the definition and properties of both the full and the restricted Weyl group of such an algebra. Then we outline a powerful combinatorial approach to analysis of endomorphisms arising from permutation unitaries. The restricted Weyl group consists of automorphisms of this type. We also discuss the action of the restricted Weyl group on the diagonal MASA and its relationship with the automorphism group of the full two-sided n-shift. Finally, several open problems are presented.