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In this paper, we study the evolution of the vortex filament equation (VFE), $$\mathbf X_t = \mathbf X_s \wedge \mathbf X_{ss},$$ with $\mathbf X(s, 0)$ being a regular planar polygon. Using algebraic techniques, supported by full numerical simulations, we give strong evidence that $\mathbf X(s, t)$ is also a polygon at any rational time; moreover, it can be fully characterized, up to a rigid movement, by a generalized quadratic Gau�� sum. We also study the fractal behavior of $\mathbf X(0, t)$, relating it with the so-called Riemann's non-differentiable function, that was proved by Jaffard to be a multifractal.
31 pages, 15 figures (27 pages in the final version of Nonlinearity)
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q55, 11L05, 65M20, 28A80, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Numerical Analysis (math.NA), Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q55, 11L05, 65M20, 28A80, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Numerical Analysis (math.NA), Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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