Children have helped one another to learn since antiquity. In early America, older pupils in one-room schoolhouses frequently helped younger pupils with their lessons. In the 1960's, programs in which children helped other children were in effect on a large scale. The term "peer tutoring" was created for the individualized tutoring of one pupil by another. Peer tutoring is in progress when a child teaches a school-related subject to another child. The child who tutors is frequently older than the child being tutored. Sometimes the children are the same