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The Astrophysical Journal
Article . 1977 . Peer-reviewed
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Cosmic-ray driving of gas in active nuclei

Authors: J. A. Eilek;

Cosmic-ray driving of gas in active nuclei

Abstract

The effect of subrelativistic cosmic rays as the source of energy and ionization for the gas in active galactic nuclei is investigated using fluid-dynamic calculations. The thermal state of the gas is determined by the balance of heating from the cosmic rays and radiative cooling. Nuclear models were calculated with cosmic-ray luminosities of 10/sup 43//sup .//sup 6/ to 10/sup 47//sup .//sup 6/ ergs s/sup -1/ and gas number densities of 10/sup 4//sup .//sup 9/ to 10/sup 7//sup .//sup 8/ cm/sup -3/. These result in the formation of a dense shell which reaches outward velocities of 10/sup 3/--10/sup 4/ km s/sup -1/ and maintains temperatures within 10/sup 4/--10/sup 5/ K. This dense phase may produce the broad Balmer wings observed in some objects. A hot cavity forms between the shell and the source and reaches 10/sup 8/ K. This gas will be seen as an X-ray source. Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in the shell can provide a source for the observed cloud structure. The high mass loss rate may be replenished by stellar loss processes if a dense star cluster exists in the nucleus.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
gold