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A Comparison of Bias-Corrected Covariance Estimators for Generalized Estimating Equations

Authors: Cun-Hui Zhang; Donghui Zhang; Chunpeng Fan;

A Comparison of Bias-Corrected Covariance Estimators for Generalized Estimating Equations

Abstract

Although asymptotically the sandwich covariance estimator is consistent and robust with respect to the selection of the working correlation matrix, when the sample size is small, its bias may not be negligible. This article compares the small sample corrections for the sandwich covariance estimator as well as the inferential procedures proposed by Mancl and DeRouen ( 2001 ), Kauermann and Carroll ( 2001 ), Fay and Graubard ( 2001 ), and Fan et al. ( 2012 ). Simulation studies show that when using a maximum likelihood method to estimate the covariance parameters and using the between-within method for the denominator degrees of freedom when making inference, the Kauermann and Carroll method is preferred in the investigated balanced logistic regression and the Mancl and DeRouen and Fan et al. methods are preferred in the investigated proportional odds model. A collagen-induced arthritis study is employed to demonstrate the application of the methods.

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Keywords

Analysis of Variance, Models, Statistical, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Arthritis, Experimental, Mice, Logistic Models, Bias, Research Design, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Animals, Computer Simulation, Proportional Hazards Models

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Found an issue? Give us feedback
citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
12
Top 10%
Average
Average
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