A taxonomic revision is presented of the Australian papilionoid legume genus Jacksonia R.Br. ex Sm. The group includes 74 species, the following 37 of them newly described here: Jacksonia acicularis Chappill, J. anthoclada Chappill, J. arenicola Chappill, J. arida Chappill, J. arnhemica Chappill, J. calcicola Chappill, J. chappilliae C.F. Wilkins, J. debilis Chappill, J. dendrospinosa Chappill, J. divisa Chappill, J. effusa Chappill, J. elongata Chappill, J. epiphyllum Chappill, J. flexuosa Chappill, J. gracillima Chappill, J. humilis Chappill, J. intricata Chappill, J. jackson Chappill, J. lanicarpa Chappill, J. lateritica Chappill, J. nutans Chappill, J. pendens Chappill, J. pungens Chappill, J. quairading Chappill, J. quinkanensis Chappill, J. ramulosa Chappill, J. reclinata Chappill, J. remota Chappill, J. rigida Chappill, J. rubra Chappill, J. rupestris Chappill, J. spicata Chappill, J. stellaris Chappill, J. tarinensis Chappill, J. velveta Chappill, J. venosa Chappill and J. viscosa Chappill.