The results of a study of all genera in the family Elaeocarpaceae as found in Papuasia are presented. Keys to all accepted taxa are provided, many epithets are reduced to synonymy and an attempt is made to interpret the remaining 28 specific epithets that are inadequately described and whose types are lost or unavailable. The following new taxa are described and illustrated: Aceratium sinuatum, A. tomenrosum, Dubouzetia galorei, D. kairoi, Elaeocarpus badius, E. bakaianus, E, buderi, E. dolichostylus ssp. collinus, E. marafunganus, E. murukkai, E. neobritannicus, Sericolea calophylla ssp. grossiserrata, S. collinsii, S. pachyphylla, Sloanea pulchra ssp. morobensis, S. pulleniana, S. streimannii. Notes on morphological features of interest are given.