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Electron suppression in the H− beam from a Penning surface-plasma source

Authors: H. Vernon Smith; Paul Allison;

Electron suppression in the H− beam from a Penning surface-plasma source

Abstract

The ratio of electrons to negative ions extracted from Penning surface-plasma sources such as the 8X source is low even before any further steps are taken to suppress the electrons. For the 8X source the e−/H− ratio is typically four or five to one for H− operation and nine to one for D− operation. Because the coextracted e− present a power-loading problem to the 8X-source extraction system, methods to dissipate and/or reduce the power in the e− beam must be developed before extracting a dc H− or D− beam. Thus, we systematically varied the geometry of a cylindrical collar installed in the near-extraction region of the 8X source. The observed dependence of the extracted e− and H− currents on the collar radii and lengths suggests that a conical collar would provide superior electron suppression. The conical collar that we tested lowered the e−/H− ratio to 0.9/1 without reducing the extracted H− current.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Top 10%
Average
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