Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease beyond 1 week of age. “Classic” TOF usually presents for surgical repair during the first 3–9 months of life. Surgical repair techniques vary among surgeons and institutions. The optimal timing and approach to complete (vs. staged) surgical repair remain a topic of continued debate in the modern surgical era. A pulmonary valve sparing or reconstruction surgical approach has become popularized over the past decade or so. The purpose of this chapter will be to review the morphologic and physiologic features of “classic” TOF with an emphasis on contemporary approaches to surgical treatment.