Abstract Cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) is commonly used as an insulation material in power cables. Due to the recent advancements in the field of high voltage power transmission and distribution, there is a need for novel cable insulation materials that have high performance, recyclability and high working temperature as alternatives for the conventional XPLE‐based insulation materials. Polypropylene (PP) shows excellent properties and has drawn considerable attention as a potential high voltage direct current (HVDC) insulation material. Therefore, the development of PP‐based HVDC cable insulation with improved electrical, thermal and mechanical properties is important in discovering a potentially recyclable cable insulation material. Due to the remarkable development in the field of nanodielectrics, nanotechnology can be a promising solution for enhancing the overall dielectric properties of PP‐based insulation materials. This review presents the important aspects of PP‐based nanocomposites for HVDC cable insulation with a special focus on understanding the effects of various parameters of nanofillers on the dielectric properties of PP‐based HVDC cable insulation. Based on the gathered information, future perspectives for improving the dielectric properties of PP‐based nanocomposites for HVDC cable are provided.