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Nature Physics
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Nature Physics
Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2009
License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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Confinement of fractional quantum number particles in a condensed-matter system

Authors: Lake, B.; Tsvelik, A. M.; Notbohm, S.; Tennant, D. A.; Perring, T. G.; Reehuis, M.; Sekar, C.; +2 Authors

Confinement of fractional quantum number particles in a condensed-matter system

Abstract

The idea of confinement states that in certain systems constituent particles can be discerned only indirectly being bound by an interaction whose strength increases with increasing particle separation. Though the most famous example is the confinement of quarks to form baryons and mesons in (3+1)-dimensional Quantum Chromodynamics, confinement can also be realized in the systems of condensed matter physics such as spin-ladders which consist of two spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic chains coupled together by spin exchange interactions. Excitations of individual chains (spinons) carrying spin S=1/2, are confined even by an infinitesimal interchain coupling. The realizations studied so far cannot illustrate this process due to the large strength of their interchain coupling which leaves no energy window for the spinon excitations of individual chains. Here we present neutron scattering experiments for a weakly-coupled ladder material. At high energies the spectral function approaches that of individual chains; at low energies it is dominated by spin 0,1 excitations of strongly-coupled chains.

12 pages, 4 figures, references added

Keywords

Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
146
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green
bronze